Moslem Taheri Soodejani; Ali Karamoozian; Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad; Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei
Volume 26, Issue 1 , 2024
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the influence of age, gender and geographical region on the incidence of four types of injuries among pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and motor vehicle drivers in Iran. The geographical correlation between the different provinces of the country was also examined.
Objectives: ...
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Background: This study investigated the influence of age, gender and geographical region on the incidence of four types of injuries among pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and motor vehicle drivers in Iran. The geographical correlation between the different provinces of the country was also examined.
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate 4 common type of road traffic injuries by provinces in Iran.
Methods: The data was taken from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. The data were analyzed in terms of age group, gender and type of injury in different provinces, and the effect of geographical region on the incidence of RTIs were investigated through a multilevel analysis. Provinces were included in the model as random intercepts, and Moran's I test was used to examine geographic correlation and identify hot spots and cold spots. A significance level of 5% was used for all tests.
Results: Elderly people were the main victims of pedestrian accidents, and young people were most frequently injured in cycling accidents. On the other hand, adults were the most frequently injured age group in motor vehicle accidents. Men were injured more often than women in all four types of injury. Although the injuries were not related to the province where the accident occurred, the geographical distribution of injuries caused by cyclists showed a geographical correlation, with Sistan and Baluchistan (southeast) and Tehran (the capital) being the areas with the highest and lowest risk of these types of injuries, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the causes of different types of road traffic injuries are very different for different age groups, genders and geographical areas. Therefore, different plans should be developed for each type of injury in order to prevent road traffic accidents.
Matin Ghazizadeh; Fatemeh Hadavandsiri; Maryam Ghazizadeh; Mohammad Esmaeel Akbari
Volume 25, Issue 5 , 2023
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the 21st century. Sinonasal malignancies comprise less than 0.5% of all cancers. There are limited epidemiologic studies on them.
Objectives: The current study aimed to estimate the patient demographics, as well as the incidence rates of nasal cavity ...
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Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the 21st century. Sinonasal malignancies comprise less than 0.5% of all cancers. There are limited epidemiologic studies on them.
Objectives: The current study aimed to estimate the patient demographics, as well as the incidence rates of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (NC-PNS) cancers, using a population based registry.
Methods: The current study was a descriptive cohort using the Iranian national population based cancer registry (INPCR) data in 2016. The incidence rate of NC-PNS cancer and its distribution considering age, gender, geographical location and histopathology were determined.
Results: A total of 258 cases (62.4 % males) were included in the study. Age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of NC-PNS cancer was 0.36 per 100,000 population. ASIR had the highest value in the 7th, 8th, and 6th decades of life, in descending order. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histopathologic subtype (23.64%). The most frequent non-epithelial cancer were hematopoietic and lymphatic malignancies (12.40%). The most prevalent site of involvement was the nasal cavity (43.02%), followed by the maxillary sinus (24.81%). The geographical distribution of NC-PNS cancer did not follow any particular pattern. The highest crude incidences were detected in Chahar-Mahal-Bakhtiari, Kerman, and West Azarbaijan in decreasing order.
Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, NC-PNS cancers are rare malignancies. Men in their fifties and older are at a higher risk of involvement. Epithelial cancers are more prevalent, among which SCC is the most common histopathologic subtype.
JingHua Luo; Jian Ming Yu; Jia Chen; Zhichun Feng; Qiuping Li
Volume 21, Issue 6 , 2019, Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: Like any other countries, respiratory distress syndrome is a major cause of infantile mortality in China, especially in low birth weight infants.Objectives: The study aimed to determine the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome and identify some predictors of mortality in Chinese infants ...
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Background: Like any other countries, respiratory distress syndrome is a major cause of infantile mortality in China, especially in low birth weight infants.Objectives: The study aimed to determine the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome and identify some predictors of mortality in Chinese infants with confirmed respiratory distress syndrome (Level of Evidence: III).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic characteristics, perinatal risk factors, and clinical manifestations of 600 infants with Downes’ score of ≥ 4 admitted to the Affiliated BaYi Children’s Hospital, China, and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China, from 1 January 2013 to 1 December 2018. Infants were divided into two cohorts, non-survivors (who died, n = 109) and survivors (who survived, n = 491). Factors predicting infant mortality were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis at a 95% confidence level.Results: Infants of the non-survivor cohort were more likely to have severer respiratory distress (P = 0.003), to be of low birth weight (< 1,000 g, P = 0.028), to undergo cesarean delivery (P = 0.005), and to be born preterm (P = 0.0001) than those of the survivor cohort. Downes’ score of > 6, extreme low birth weight (< 1,000 g, P = 0.001), preterm delivery (gestational age < 37 weeks, P = 0.003), and cesarean delivery (P = 0.002) were found to be the independent risk factors of infant death.Conclusions: Preterm delivery, extremely low birth weight, and cesarean section were the risk factors of infant death from respira- tory distress syndrome.
Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi; Seyed Jalil Mirhosseini; Masoud Mirzaei; Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh; Mohammad Hossein Soltani; Ali Pedarzadeh; Zahra Baramesipour; Reza Faraji; Amin Salehi-Abargouei
Volume 19, Issue 7 , July 2017, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is rapidly growing in today’s world as an important predictor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Objectives: The present study aimed at assessing the incidence of MetS and the most powerful components as predictors of MetS in a cohort study in central ...
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Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is rapidly growing in today’s world as an important predictor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Objectives: The present study aimed at assessing the incidence of MetS and the most powerful components as predictors of MetS in a cohort study in central Iran.Methods: This cohort study was a follow-up of participants (n = 2000 and aged 20 to 74 years), who were selected using multistage random cluster sampling method from urban areas of Yazd, Iran, during year 2005 and repeated in 2015. Metabolic Syndrome was defined using a modified version of National cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III (NCEP III) definition. To assess hazard ratio of components of MetS for crude and adjusted values in two models, Cox proportional hazard regression was used.Results: Prevalence of MetS was 44.8% (n = 887) at baseline. Therefore, we followed subjects without MetS (n = 809) in 2015. After about 10 years, MetS was developed in 56.1% (n = 454) of subjects. Incidence of MetS in males and females was 56.1/1000 person-years and 58.7/1000 person-years, respectively. The analysis revealed that incidence of MetS significantly increased with age and higher level of socio-economic status and decreased with high level of education. In females and males the most powerful component for incidence of MetS was high fasting blood glucose (HR = 16.6, 95% CI: 1.91 - 22.82) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02 - 2.6), respectively.Conclusions: The current study showed a high incidence of MetS in males and females residing in central Iran. Furthermore, community-based interventions that reduce MetS in the population are needed.
Gohar Mohammadi; Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari; Yadollah Mehrabi; Ali Ghanbari Motlagh; Mohammad Heidari; Shahla Ghanbari
Volume 19, Issue 3 , March 2017, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: It is important to be able to predict cancer incidence and mortality rates for planning and managing the risk factors.Objectives: The present study investigated the changes in the incidence and mortality rates of five most common cancers in Iran.Methods: The cancer incidence and mortality ...
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Background: It is important to be able to predict cancer incidence and mortality rates for planning and managing the risk factors.Objectives: The present study investigated the changes in the incidence and mortality rates of five most common cancers in Iran.Methods: The cancer incidence and mortality data were obtained from the national cancer and mortality registries. Five most common cancers in both men and women were selected. Changes in the incidence and mortality rates of the selected cancers in both sexes were estimated by age group, annual percent change (APC), and average APC (AAPC) and then graphically displayed.Results: The most common cancers (except skin cancer) were breast, colorectal, stomach, esophageal, and thyroid cancers in women and stomach, prostate, bladder, colorectal, and esophageal cancers in men, respectively. The AAPCs of all cancer incidence rates had increased by 11.9% in men and 11.6% in women from 2002 to 2010. Also, the mortality rates had enhanced by 0.4% and 0.1% per year in men and women from 2006 to 2011, respectively. The greatest APC was reported in prostate cancer. The rate had increased by 41.9% from 2002 to 2004, by 13.4% from 2004 to 2008, andslowly augmented by 3.9% from 2008 to 2010. In women, the greatest APC was observed in colorectal cancer; the rate had enhanced by 13.4% per year from 2002 to 2010. The greatest increase for age-standardized mortality and incidence in 2011 was attributed to gastric cancer (12.5% and 17.1% per 100,000 men, respectively). In women, the highest age-standardized mortality rate was related to gastric cancer at 6.9% per 100,000 women. The incidence and mortality patterns of colorectal and esophageal cancers in men and women were similar, although they were slightly higher in menthan women.Conclusions: Overall, cancer incidence rates had increased in both sexes. Many factors were responsible, such as changes in lifestyle, environmental factors, increased life expectancy, improvements in the registration systems, and declining mortality rates due to early detection and treatment. The results of this study provided useful information for the prediction of changes in the incidence and mortality of cancer and subsequent design of cancer control programs in Iran.
