Document Type : Research articles
Authors
1 Associate Professor of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD of Epidemiology, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Cancer Research Center, Shohada-ye-tajrish Hospital, Qods Sq, Tajrish, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Hematology-oncology Department, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ?Tehran, Iran
4 Professor of Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death in the 21st century. Sinonasal malignancies comprise less than 0.5% of all cancers. There are limited epidemiologic studies on them.
Objectives: The current study aimed to estimate the patient demographics, as well as the incidence rates of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (NC-PNS) cancers, using a population based registry.
Methods: The current study was a descriptive cohort using the Iranian national population based cancer registry (INPCR) data in 2016. The incidence rate of NC-PNS cancer and its distribution considering age, gender, geographical location and histopathology were determined.
Results: A total of 258 cases (62.4 % males) were included in the study. Age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of NC-PNS cancer was 0.36 per 100,000 population. ASIR had the highest value in the 7th, 8th, and 6th decades of life, in descending order. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histopathologic subtype (23.64%). The most frequent non-epithelial cancer were hematopoietic and lymphatic malignancies (12.40%). The most prevalent site of involvement was the nasal cavity (43.02%), followed by the maxillary sinus (24.81%). The geographical distribution of NC-PNS cancer did not follow any particular pattern. The highest crude incidences were detected in Chahar-Mahal-Bakhtiari, Kerman, and West Azarbaijan in decreasing order.
Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, NC-PNS cancers are rare malignancies. Men in their fifties and older are at a higher risk of involvement. Epithelial cancers are more prevalent, among which SCC is the most common histopathologic subtype.
Keywords
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